Lean accounting addresses the limitations of traditional accounting, aligning financial practices with lean manufacturing's focus on waste elimination and efficiency. Unlike traditional methods, lean accounting uses simplified, real-time reporting and value stream-based insights, supporting decision-making and continuous improvement. This book explores its relevance through case studies of Indian enterprises: Waterman Industries, Bhansali Industries, and Reliance Chemotex Industries. Waterman Industries transitioned from standard costing to value stream costing, achieving better cost tracking and decision-making. Bhansali Industries faced challenges in retraining staff but benefited from streamlined processes and improved clarity. Reliance Chemotex adopted lean accounting successfully, enhancing cost structures and operational efficiency. Key benefits included transparency, waste reduction, empowered teams, and real-time insights, though initial resistance and training posed challenges. Lean accounting surpasses traditional systems by simplifying data, aligning operations with strategic goals, and fostering continuous improvement, setting a strong foundation for business practices.